The testicles, also called the testes, are two organs that sit inside the scrotum. They make sperm and the male hormone testosterone. When a testicle is removed or sampled, a pathologist examines the tissue under a microscope and describes what they see in your pathology report.
This page brings together our guides to conditions found in the testicles. The articles are grouped by type to help you find the one that matches your diagnosis. Select any article below to learn more.
Cancers of the testicle
These diagnoses are tumors of the testicle that are cancerous or have the potential to behave like cancer. Most are a kind of tumor called a germ cell tumor, which develops from the cells that make sperm. The articles explain how each type is diagnosed and what the details in your pathology report mean.
Seminoma is the most common type of testicular cancer. It is a germ cell tumor that usually grows slowly and has an excellent outlook. This article explains how it is diagnosed and what the details in your pathology report mean.
You may find this helpful if your report mentions seminoma, the most common type of testicular cancer.
Embryonal carcinoma is a type of testicular germ cell tumor. It is often found mixed with other germ cell tumor types. This article explains how it is diagnosed and what your pathology report describes.
You may find this helpful if your report mentions embryonal carcinoma of the testicle.
Yolk sac tumor is a type of testicular germ cell tumor. It is the most common testicular tumor in young children and is also found in adults as part of a mixed germ cell tumor. This article explains what this diagnosis means.
You may find this helpful if your report mentions a yolk sac tumor of the testicle.
A mixed germ cell tumor is a testicular cancer made up of more than one type of germ cell tumor. This article explains what this diagnosis means and what your pathology report describes.
You may find this helpful if your report mentions a mixed germ cell tumor of the testicle.
A spermatocytic tumor is an uncommon testicular germ cell tumor that usually affects older men. It grows very slowly and is almost always cured with surgery. This article explains what this diagnosis means.
You may find this helpful if your report mentions a spermatocytic tumor.
Condizioni non cancerose
This diagnosis is a noncancerous condition found near the testicle. It is not cancer. The article explains what this diagnosis means.
A spermatocele is a common, noncancerous cyst that forms near the testicle and contains fluid and sperm. This article explains what this diagnosis means.
You may find this helpful if your report mentions a spermatocele.
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